For non-EU/EEA nationals who wish to stay in the Netherlands for more than 90 days, obtaining a Machtiging tot Voorlopig Verblijf (MVV), or Provisional Residence Permit, is often the first step in the immigration process. The MVV is an entry visa that allows individuals to travel to the Netherlands and apply for a residence permit upon arrival.
The MVV application process can be complex, involving eligibility requirements, supporting documentation, and specific legal conditions. This guide provides a detailed step-by-step approach to successfully handling an MVV application, ensuring compliance with Dutch immigration laws.
What Is an MVV?
Definition
The Machtiging tot Voorlopig Verblijf (MVV) is a long-term entry visa required for non-EU/EEA nationals who wish to stay in the Netherlands for more than three months. It serves as a temporary authorization that allows entry into the Netherlands before applying for a full residence permit (verblijfsvergunning).
Who Needs an MVV?
Not all foreign nationals require an MVV. The requirement depends on nationality, purpose of stay, and special exemptions.
1. Countries That Require an MVV
Nationals from non-EU/EEA countries (except exempted nations). Applicants from Africa, Asia, South America, and certain Eastern European countries.
2. Countries Exempt from the MVV Requirement
Citizens of Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, South Korea, the UK, the US, and Switzerland do not need an MVV but must apply for a residence permit if they stay longer than 90 days.
Who Can Apply for an MVV?
1. Family and Partner Visa Holders
Spouses or partners of Dutch or EU nationals. Children under 18 years old joining their parents.
2. Work Visa Applicants
Highly skilled migrants, researchers, and professionals with a valid job offer in the Netherlands. Intra-company transferees (employees moving within the same organization).
3. Student Visa Applicants
Non-EU/EEA students admitted to Dutch universities or colleges.
4. Entrepreneurs and Startups
Individuals establishing businesses under the Dutch Startup Visa Program.
5. Asylum Seekers and Refugees
People applying for asylum or humanitarian protection.
Step-by-Step Guide to Applying for an MVV
Step 1: Determine Eligibility and Application Type
Identify the correct visa category based on your purpose of stay (work, study, family reunification, etc.). Confirm whether you need an MVV or can apply directly for a residence permit.
Step 2: Choose the Application Method
There are two ways to apply for an MVV:
TEV Procedure (Toegang en Verblijf) – The sponsor in the Netherlands (employer, family member, or educational institution) submits the application on behalf of the applicant. Self-Application at the Dutch Embassy – If no sponsor is available, the applicant may apply at the nearest Dutch embassy or consulate in their home country.
Step 3: Gather Required Documents
The documents needed depend on the purpose of stay, but common requirements include:
Valid passport (with at least six months validity). Completed MVV application form. Recent passport-size photos (meeting Dutch visa specifications). Birth certificate (for family reunification applications). Proof of relationship (for spouse/partner applications). Employment contract or job offer letter (for work visas). University admission letter (for student visas). Proof of sufficient funds (bank statements, salary slips, or sponsorship letters). Medical insurance covering at least €30,000. Civic Integration Exam (if required) – Certain applicants must pass a Dutch language and culture test before applying.
Step 4: Submit the Application
The sponsor submits the MVV application to the Dutch Immigration and Naturalisation Service (IND) if using the TEV Procedure. If applying personally, the applicant visits the Dutch embassy to submit documents and biometric data (fingerprints and photographs).
Step 5: Pay the MVV Application Fee
Fees vary depending on the visa category but typically range from €210 to €350. Payments can be made online, by bank transfer, or at the embassy/consulate.
Step 6: Wait for IND Decision
Processing time is usually 90 days, but some applications take longer if additional checks are needed. The IND may request additional documents or conduct an interview if necessary.
Step 7: Receive the MVV Decision
If approved, the applicant receives an MVV visa sticker in their passport. If rejected, the applicant may appeal the decision within four weeks.
What to Do After Receiving the MVV
1. Travel to the Netherlands Within the Validity Period
The MVV is valid for 90 days, meaning the applicant must enter the Netherlands within this time.
2. Collect the Residence Permit (Verblijfsvergunning)
Within two weeks of arrival, the applicant must register with the local municipality and visit an IND office to collect their residence permit.
3. Register with the Municipality (BRP Registration)
Registration in the Personal Records Database (BRP) is mandatory. Applicants receive a Citizen Service Number (BSN), which is required for work, healthcare, and banking.
4. Arrange Health Insurance
Health insurance is mandatory in the Netherlands. Applicants must enroll in a Dutch health insurance plan within four months of arrival.
5. Complete the Civic Integration Process (If Required)
Certain visa categories require language and civic integration exams. The integration process includes learning Dutch language and culture.
Common Reasons for MVV Rejection and How to Avoid Them
Incomplete Documentation
Ensure all required documents are submitted correctly and in the correct format.
Failure to Meet Financial Requirements
Applicants must provide bank statements, salary slips, or financial sponsorship proof.
Relationship Not Recognized
Spouses and partners must provide official proof of marriage or long-term relationship.
Failure to Pass the Civic Integration Exam
If required, prepare thoroughly for the Dutch language and culture test.
Security or Immigration Concerns
Avoid providing false information or previous immigration violations.
Can You Extend or Change Your MVV Status?
MVV extensions are not possible, but applicants can switch to a long-term residence permit. To change visa categories, applicants must submit a new application to IND.
Conclusion
Handling an MVV application requires careful planning, accurate documentation, and compliance with Dutch immigration laws. Whether applying for work, study, or family reunification, understanding the eligibility requirements, submission process, and post-approval steps is crucial for a smooth transition to life in the Netherlands.
By following this guide, non-EU/EEA nationals can navigate the MVV process effectively, ensuring a successful application and seamless entry into the Netherlands.
